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"""Certbot display.
This module (`certbot.display.util`) or its companion `certbot.display.ops`
should be used whenever:
- Displaying status information to the user on the terminal
- Collecting information from the user via prompts
Other messages can use the `logging` module. See `log.py`.
"""
import logging
import sys
import textwrap
import zope.interface
import zope.component
from acme.magic_typing import List
from certbot import errors
from certbot import interfaces
from certbot._internal import constants
from certbot._internal.display import completer
from certbot.compat import misc
from certbot.compat import os
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
WIDTH = 72
# Display exit codes
OK = "ok"
"""Display exit code indicating user acceptance."""
CANCEL = "cancel"
"""Display exit code for a user canceling the display."""
HELP = "help"
"""Display exit code when for when the user requests more help. (UNUSED)"""
ESC = "esc"
"""Display exit code when the user hits Escape (UNUSED)"""
# Display constants
SIDE_FRAME = ("- " * 39) + "-"
"""Display boundary (alternates spaces, so when copy-pasted, markdown doesn't interpret
it as a heading)"""
def _wrap_lines(msg):
"""Format lines nicely to 80 chars.
:param str msg: Original message
:returns: Formatted message respecting newlines in message
:rtype: str
"""
lines = msg.splitlines()
fixed_l = []
for line in lines:
fixed_l.append(textwrap.fill(
line,
80,
break_long_words=False,
break_on_hyphens=False))
return '\n'.join(fixed_l)
def input_with_timeout(prompt=None, timeout=36000.0):
"""Get user input with a timeout.
Behaves the same as six.moves.input, however, an error is raised if
a user doesn't answer after timeout seconds. The default timeout
value was chosen to place it just under 12 hours for users following
our advice and running Certbot twice a day.
:param str prompt: prompt to provide for input
:param float timeout: maximum number of seconds to wait for input
:returns: user response
:rtype: str
:raises errors.Error if no answer is given before the timeout
"""
# use of sys.stdin and sys.stdout to mimic six.moves.input based on
# https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/baf7bb30a02aabde260143136bdf5b3738a1d409/Lib/getpass.py#L129
if prompt:
sys.stdout.write(prompt)
sys.stdout.flush()
line = misc.readline_with_timeout(timeout, prompt)
if not line:
raise EOFError
return line.rstrip('\n')
def notify(msg):
# type: (str) -> None
"""Display a basic status message.
:param str msg: message to display
"""
zope.component.getUtility(interfaces.IDisplay).notification(
msg, pause=False, decorate=False, wrap=False
)
@zope.interface.implementer(interfaces.IDisplay)
class FileDisplay(object):
"""File-based display."""
# see https://github.com/certbot/certbot/issues/3915
def __init__(self, outfile, force_interactive):
super(FileDisplay, self).__init__()
self.outfile = outfile
self.force_interactive = force_interactive
self.skipped_interaction = False
def notification(self, message, pause=True,
wrap=True, force_interactive=False,
decorate=True):
"""Displays a notification and waits for user acceptance.
:param str message: Message to display
:param bool pause: Whether or not the program should pause for the
user's confirmation
:param bool wrap: Whether or not the application should wrap text
:param bool force_interactive: True if it's safe to prompt the user
because it won't cause any workflow regressions
:param bool decorate: Whether to surround the message with a
decorated frame
"""
if wrap:
message = _wrap_lines(message)
logger.debug("Notifying user: %s", message)
self.outfile.write(
(("{line}{frame}{line}" if decorate else "") +
"{msg}{line}" +
("{frame}{line}" if decorate else ""))
.format(line=os.linesep, frame=SIDE_FRAME, msg=message)
)
self.outfile.flush()
if pause:
if self._can_interact(force_interactive):
input_with_timeout("Press Enter to Continue")
else:
logger.debug("Not pausing for user confirmation")
def menu(self, message, choices, ok_label=None, cancel_label=None, # pylint: disable=unused-argument
help_label=None, default=None, # pylint: disable=unused-argument
cli_flag=None, force_interactive=False, **unused_kwargs):
"""Display a menu.
.. todo:: This doesn't enable the help label/button (I wasn't sold on
any interface I came up with for this). It would be a nice feature
:param str message: title of menu
:param choices: Menu lines, len must be > 0
:type choices: list of tuples (tag, item) or
list of descriptions (tags will be enumerated)
:param default: default value to return (if one exists)
:param str cli_flag: option used to set this value with the CLI
:param bool force_interactive: True if it's safe to prompt the user
because it won't cause any workflow regressions
:returns: tuple of (`code`, `index`) where
`code` - str display exit code
`index` - int index of the user's selection
:rtype: tuple
"""
if self._return_default(message, default, cli_flag, force_interactive):
return OK, default
self._print_menu(message, choices)
code, selection = self._get_valid_int_ans(len(choices))
return code, selection - 1
def input(self, message, default=None,
cli_flag=None, force_interactive=False, **unused_kwargs):
"""Accept input from the user.
:param str message: message to display to the user
:param default: default value to return (if one exists)
:param str cli_flag: option used to set this value with the CLI
:param bool force_interactive: True if it's safe to prompt the user
because it won't cause any workflow regressions
:returns: tuple of (`code`, `input`) where
`code` - str display exit code
`input` - str of the user's input
:rtype: tuple
"""
if self._return_default(message, default, cli_flag, force_interactive):
return OK, default
# Trailing space must be added outside of _wrap_lines to be preserved
message = _wrap_lines("%s (Enter 'c' to cancel):" % message) + " "
ans = input_with_timeout(message)
if ans in ("c", "C"):
return CANCEL, "-1"
return OK, ans
def yesno(self, message, yes_label="Yes", no_label="No", default=None,
cli_flag=None, force_interactive=False, **unused_kwargs):
"""Query the user with a yes/no question.
Yes and No label must begin with different letters, and must contain at
least one letter each.
:param str message: question for the user
:param str yes_label: Label of the "Yes" parameter
:param str no_label: Label of the "No" parameter
:param default: default value to return (if one exists)
:param str cli_flag: option used to set this value with the CLI
:param bool force_interactive: True if it's safe to prompt the user
because it won't cause any workflow regressions
:returns: True for "Yes", False for "No"
:rtype: bool
"""
if self._return_default(message, default, cli_flag, force_interactive):
return default
message = _wrap_lines(message)
self.outfile.write("{0}{frame}{msg}{0}{frame}".format(
os.linesep, frame=SIDE_FRAME + os.linesep, msg=message))
self.outfile.flush()
while True:
ans = input_with_timeout("{yes}/{no}: ".format(
yes=_parens_around_char(yes_label),
no=_parens_around_char(no_label)))
# Couldn't get pylint indentation right with elif
# elif doesn't matter in this situation
if (ans.startswith(yes_label[0].lower()) or
ans.startswith(yes_label[0].upper())):
return True
if (ans.startswith(no_label[0].lower()) or
ans.startswith(no_label[0].upper())):
return False
def checklist(self, message, tags, default=None,
cli_flag=None, force_interactive=False, **unused_kwargs):
"""Display a checklist.
:param str message: Message to display to user
:param list tags: `str` tags to select, len(tags) > 0
:param default: default value to return (if one exists)
:param str cli_flag: option used to set this value with the CLI
:param bool force_interactive: True if it's safe to prompt the user
because it won't cause any workflow regressions
:returns: tuple of (`code`, `tags`) where
`code` - str display exit code
`tags` - list of selected tags
:rtype: tuple
"""
if self._return_default(message, default, cli_flag, force_interactive):
return OK, default
while True:
self._print_menu(message, tags)
code, ans = self.input("Select the appropriate numbers separated "
"by commas and/or spaces, or leave input "
"blank to select all options shown",
force_interactive=True)
if code == OK:
if not ans.strip():
ans = " ".join(str(x) for x in range(1, len(tags)+1))
indices = separate_list_input(ans)
selected_tags = self._scrub_checklist_input(indices, tags)
if selected_tags:
return code, selected_tags
self.outfile.write(
"** Error - Invalid selection **%s" % os.linesep)
self.outfile.flush()
else:
return code, []
def _return_default(self, prompt, default, cli_flag, force_interactive):
"""Should we return the default instead of prompting the user?
:param str prompt: prompt for the user
:param default: default answer to prompt
:param str cli_flag: command line option for setting an answer
to this question
:param bool force_interactive: if interactivity is forced by the
IDisplay call
:returns: True if we should return the default without prompting
:rtype: bool
"""
# assert_valid_call(prompt, default, cli_flag, force_interactive)
if self._can_interact(force_interactive):
return False
if default is None:
msg = "Unable to get an answer for the question:\n{0}".format(prompt)
if cli_flag:
msg += (
"\nYou can provide an answer on the "
"command line with the {0} flag.".format(cli_flag))
raise errors.Error(msg)
logger.debug(
"Falling back to default %s for the prompt:\n%s",
default, prompt)
return True
def _can_interact(self, force_interactive):
"""Can we safely interact with the user?
:param bool force_interactive: if interactivity is forced by the
IDisplay call
:returns: True if the display can interact with the user
:rtype: bool
"""
if (self.force_interactive or force_interactive or
sys.stdin.isatty() and self.outfile.isatty()):
return True
if not self.skipped_interaction:
logger.warning(
"Skipped user interaction because Certbot doesn't appear to "
"be running in a terminal. You should probably include "
"--non-interactive or %s on the command line.",
constants.FORCE_INTERACTIVE_FLAG)
self.skipped_interaction = True
return False
def directory_select(self, message, default=None, cli_flag=None,
force_interactive=False, **unused_kwargs):
"""Display a directory selection screen.
:param str message: prompt to give the user
:param default: default value to return (if one exists)
:param str cli_flag: option used to set this value with the CLI
:param bool force_interactive: True if it's safe to prompt the user
because it won't cause any workflow regressions
:returns: tuple of the form (`code`, `string`) where
`code` - display exit code
`string` - input entered by the user
"""
with completer.Completer():
return self.input(message, default, cli_flag, force_interactive)
def _scrub_checklist_input(self, indices, tags):
"""Validate input and transform indices to appropriate tags.
:param list indices: input
:param list tags: Original tags of the checklist
:returns: valid tags the user selected
:rtype: :class:`list` of :class:`str`
"""
# They should all be of type int
try:
indices = [int(index) for index in indices]
except ValueError:
return []
# Remove duplicates
indices = list(set(indices))
# Check all input is within range
for index in indices:
if index < 1 or index > len(tags):
return []
# Transform indices to appropriate tags
return [tags[index - 1] for index in indices]
def _print_menu(self, message, choices):
"""Print a menu on the screen.
:param str message: title of menu
:param choices: Menu lines
:type choices: list of tuples (tag, item) or
list of descriptions (tags will be enumerated)
"""
# Can take either tuples or single items in choices list
if choices and isinstance(choices[0], tuple):
choices = ["%s - %s" % (c[0], c[1]) for c in choices]
# Write out the message to the user
self.outfile.write(
"{new}{msg}{new}".format(new=os.linesep, msg=message))
self.outfile.write(SIDE_FRAME + os.linesep)
# Write out the menu choices
for i, desc in enumerate(choices, 1):
msg = "{num}: {desc}".format(num=i, desc=desc)
self.outfile.write(_wrap_lines(msg))
# Keep this outside of the textwrap
self.outfile.write(os.linesep)
self.outfile.write(SIDE_FRAME + os.linesep)
self.outfile.flush()
def _get_valid_int_ans(self, max_):
"""Get a numerical selection.
:param int max: The maximum entry (len of choices), must be positive
:returns: tuple of the form (`code`, `selection`) where
`code` - str display exit code ('ok' or cancel')
`selection` - int user's selection
:rtype: tuple
"""
selection = -1
if max_ > 1:
input_msg = ("Select the appropriate number "
"[1-{max_}] then [enter] (press 'c' to "
"cancel): ".format(max_=max_))
else:
input_msg = ("Press 1 [enter] to confirm the selection "
"(press 'c' to cancel): ")
while selection < 1:
ans = input_with_timeout(input_msg)
if ans.startswith("c") or ans.startswith("C"):
return CANCEL, -1
try:
selection = int(ans)
if selection < 1 or selection > max_:
selection = -1
raise ValueError
except ValueError:
self.outfile.write(
"{0}** Invalid input **{0}".format(os.linesep))
self.outfile.flush()
return OK, selection
def assert_valid_call(prompt, default, cli_flag, force_interactive):
"""Verify that provided arguments is a valid IDisplay call.
:param str prompt: prompt for the user
:param default: default answer to prompt
:param str cli_flag: command line option for setting an answer
to this question
:param bool force_interactive: if interactivity is forced by the
IDisplay call
"""
msg = "Invalid IDisplay call for this prompt:\n{0}".format(prompt)
if cli_flag:
msg += ("\nYou can set an answer to "
"this prompt with the {0} flag".format(cli_flag))
assert default is not None or force_interactive, msg
@zope.interface.implementer(interfaces.IDisplay)
class NoninteractiveDisplay(object):
"""An iDisplay implementation that never asks for interactive user input"""
def __init__(self, outfile, *unused_args, **unused_kwargs):
super(NoninteractiveDisplay, self).__init__()
self.outfile = outfile
def _interaction_fail(self, message, cli_flag, extra=""):
"Error out in case of an attempt to interact in noninteractive mode"
msg = "Missing command line flag or config entry for this setting:\n"
msg += message
if extra:
msg += "\n" + extra
if cli_flag:
msg += "\n\n(You can set this with the {0} flag)".format(cli_flag)
raise errors.MissingCommandlineFlag(msg)
def notification(self, message, pause=False, wrap=True, decorate=True, **unused_kwargs): # pylint: disable=unused-argument
"""Displays a notification without waiting for user acceptance.
:param str message: Message to display to stdout
:param bool pause: The NoninteractiveDisplay waits for no keyboard
:param bool wrap: Whether or not the application should wrap text
:param bool decorate: Whether to apply a decorated frame to the message
"""
if wrap:
message = _wrap_lines(message)
logger.debug("Notifying user: %s", message)
self.outfile.write(
(("{line}{frame}{line}" if decorate else "") +
"{msg}{line}" +
("{frame}{line}" if decorate else ""))
.format(line=os.linesep, frame=SIDE_FRAME, msg=message)
)
self.outfile.flush()
def menu(self, message, choices, ok_label=None, cancel_label=None,
help_label=None, default=None, cli_flag=None, **unused_kwargs):
# pylint: disable=unused-argument
"""Avoid displaying a menu.
:param str message: title of menu
:param choices: Menu lines, len must be > 0
:type choices: list of tuples (tag, item) or
list of descriptions (tags will be enumerated)
:param int default: the default choice
:param dict kwargs: absorbs various irrelevant labelling arguments
:returns: tuple of (`code`, `index`) where
`code` - str display exit code
`index` - int index of the user's selection
:rtype: tuple
:raises errors.MissingCommandlineFlag: if there was no default
"""
if default is None:
self._interaction_fail(message, cli_flag, "Choices: " + repr(choices))
return OK, default
def input(self, message, default=None, cli_flag=None, **unused_kwargs):
"""Accept input from the user.
:param str message: message to display to the user
:returns: tuple of (`code`, `input`) where
`code` - str display exit code
`input` - str of the user's input
:rtype: tuple
:raises errors.MissingCommandlineFlag: if there was no default
"""
if default is None:
self._interaction_fail(message, cli_flag)
return OK, default
def yesno(self, message, yes_label=None, no_label=None, # pylint: disable=unused-argument
default=None, cli_flag=None, **unused_kwargs):
"""Decide Yes or No, without asking anybody
:param str message: question for the user
:param dict kwargs: absorbs yes_label, no_label
:raises errors.MissingCommandlineFlag: if there was no default
:returns: True for "Yes", False for "No"
:rtype: bool
"""
if default is None:
self._interaction_fail(message, cli_flag)
return default
def checklist(self, message, tags, default=None,
cli_flag=None, **unused_kwargs):
"""Display a checklist.
:param str message: Message to display to user
:param list tags: `str` tags to select, len(tags) > 0
:param dict kwargs: absorbs default_status arg
:returns: tuple of (`code`, `tags`) where
`code` - str display exit code
`tags` - list of selected tags
:rtype: tuple
"""
if default is None:
self._interaction_fail(message, cli_flag, "? ".join(tags))
return OK, default
def directory_select(self, message, default=None,
cli_flag=None, **unused_kwargs):
"""Simulate prompting the user for a directory.
This function returns default if it is not ``None``, otherwise,
an exception is raised explaining the problem. If cli_flag is
not ``None``, the error message will include the flag that can
be used to set this value with the CLI.
:param str message: prompt to give the user
:param default: default value to return (if one exists)
:param str cli_flag: option used to set this value with the CLI
:returns: tuple of the form (`code`, `string`) where
`code` - int display exit code
`string` - input entered by the user
"""
return self.input(message, default, cli_flag)
def separate_list_input(input_):
"""Separate a comma or space separated list.
:param str input_: input from the user
:returns: strings
:rtype: list
"""
no_commas = input_.replace(",", " ")
# Each string is naturally unicode, this causes problems with M2Crypto SANs
# TODO: check if above is still true when M2Crypto is gone ^
return [str(string) for string in no_commas.split()]
def _parens_around_char(label):
"""Place parens around first character of label.
:param str label: Must contain at least one character
"""
return "({first}){rest}".format(first=label[0], rest=label[1:])
def summarize_domain_list(domains):
# type: (List[str]) -> str
"""Summarizes a list of domains in the format of:
example.com.com and N more domains
or if there is are only two domains:
example.com and www.example.com
or if there is only one domain:
example.com
:param list domains: `str` list of domains
:returns: the domain list summary
:rtype: str
"""
if not domains:
return ""
l = len(domains)
if l == 1:
return domains[0]
elif l == 2:
return " and ".join(domains)
else:
return "{0} and {1} more domains".format(domains[0], l-1)